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Scottish Court of Session Decisions


You are here: BAILII >> Databases >> Scottish Court of Session Decisions >> Special Case - Walker and Others (Giles' Trustees) [1874] ScotLR 12_100 (23 November 1874)
URL: http://www.bailii.org/scot/cases/ScotCS/1874/12SLR0100.html
Cite as: [1874] SLR 12_100, [1874] ScotLR 12_100

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SCOTTISH_SLR_Court_of_Session

Page: 100

Court of Session Inner House Second Division.

Monday, November 23. 1874.

12 SLR 100

Special Case—Walker and Others (Giles' Trustees).

Subject_1Tutor incertus dari non potest.

Facts:

A father appointed certain trustees by name, and the settlement contained a clause as follows:—“I hereby nominate and appoint my said trustees, named, or to be named or assumed, tutors and curators of such children as may be alive at my death.” The trustees accepted office, and on the death of one of their number assumed two new trustees. Held that the original trustees alone were entitled to act as tutors and curators.

Headnote:

Mr James Giles, R.S.A., residing in Aberdeen, died on 6th October 1870, survived by his second wife, by one child of his first marriage, who attained majority, and by two children of his second marriage, both in pupilarity. Mr Giles left a trust-disposition and settlement, by which he conveyed his whole estates, heritable and moveable, to the trustees therein named. The settlements contained the following clause:—“I hereby nominate and appoint my said trustees, named or to be named, or assumed, and the survivors and survivor of them, tutors and curators, or tutor and curator, of such children of my present marriage as may be alive at the time of my death.” The trust-estate is of the value of between £11,000 and £12,000. The trustees accepted office, and on the death of one of their number the survivors assumed two new trustees. A question arose as to whether the assumed trustees were, as such, tutors

Page: 101

to the pupil children of the truster along with the original trustees. The assumed trustees claimed to act as such tutors, but the original trustees denied their right to do so.

The questions submitted to the Court were:—“(1) Are the said George Walker, James Bruce and Alexander Ellis, as surviving trustees nominated by the said James Giles, sole tutors of Alexander Bruce Giles and Mary Giles, the pupil children of the said James Giles? or, (2) Are the said Alexander Stronach junior, and Henry John Gibson, assumed trustees of the said James Giles, tutors to the said children along with the said George Walker, James Bruce, and Alexander Ellis?”

Judgment:

At advising—

Lord Neaves—The father alone can appoint a utor-nominate, and he cannot delegate his power of doing so. There is a distinct delectus personæ in the father; and there is no example of such a power as this being validly exercised. No authority has been cited on the point. The dictum of Paulus quoted is a good one against uncertain appointments “ Tutor incertus dari non potest.” The law should stand as it is; it is ultra vires to let assumed trustees be assumed as tutors.

Lord Ormidale—The father, knowing the circumstances of his children, is the best judge of those who should be tutors to them, but the appointing of persons of whom he knew nothing may be an injustice to the children, and is not in accordance with law.

Lord Gifford—The father has a delectus personæ and must himself nominate, and cannot delegate his power of nominating.

The Lord Justice-Clerk concurred.

The Court pronounced the following interlocutor:—

“Find that George Walker, James Bruce, and Alexander Ellis, as surviving trustees nominated by James Giles, are sole tutors of Alexander Bruce Giles and Mary Giles, the pupil children of the said James Giles, and find both parties to the Special Case entitled to payment of their expenses out of the estate, and decern.”

Counsel:

Counsel for the Original Trustees— J. D. Dickson. Agents— Bruce & Kerr, W.S.

Counsel for the Assumed Trustees— Lee. Agents— Tods, Murray, & Jamieson, W.S.

1874


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URL: http://www.bailii.org/scot/cases/ScotCS/1874/12SLR0100.html